Which herb contains toxic alkaloids and is used externally for inflammation?

Which herb contains toxic alkaloids and is used externally for inflammation?

• A. Goldenseal
• B. Ginseng
• C. Comfrey
• D. Omega-3 fish oil

Answer: (C)

Comfrey contains toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, compounds that can cause serious liver injury if absorbed into the body. Historically, it has been used topically to soothe inflammation and accelerate healing in the skin, joints, or injuries because of its anti-inflammatory and demulcent properties. However, because of the risk from these alkaloids, internal use is avoided and topical use is approached with caution, especially on broken skin or for prolonged periods. This combination—toxic alkaloids present and external use for inflammation—is what makes comfrey the herb described in the question. The other options don’t carry this same association: they are used for different purposes and don’t hinge on a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid profile.

Comfrey contains toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, compounds that can cause serious liver injury if absorbed into the body. Historically, it has been used topically to soothe inflammation and accelerate healing in the skin, joints, or injuries because of its anti-inflammatory and demulcent properties. However, because of the risk from these alkaloids, internal use is avoided and topical use is approached with caution, especially on broken skin or for prolonged periods. This combination—toxic alkaloids present and external use for inflammation—is what makes comfrey the herb described in the question. The other options don’t carry this same association: they are used for different purposes and don’t hinge on a toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid profile.